History
According to legend, amazing stone with iridescent sheen in Golovino lands was taken up whether by a ploughman, or drover. Having been fascinated by the strange brilliance, he took his godsend to Golovinskiy landowner S. Salis. The latter sent this finding to the Russian Geographical Society in St. Petersburg. Soon there came an answer that fabulous wealth take care of Golovino lands.
Labradorite of Bistriivrka has been known since 80 years of the XIX century, but the commercial mining of thereof deposits is dated to 1894, when Salis with Slipchitskiy landowner Dushinskiy, with the help of Carl Kaus and his son, have begun extraction of decorative-facing stones within Golovinskiy and Slipchitskiy deposits. Quarries got the names due to names of the villages where the latter are located.
Company Dushinskiy & Salis in 1894 began mining of labradorites in its own deposits near the village of Golovino, Zhytomir district in Volyn province. Here also was located its labrador products factory. Although it was founded only in 1896, by the state on 1898 its production was immediately arranged on a high-tech basis: polishing of straight parts, planes, etc. that was applied by other factories and workshops manually, were performed by machines. There were used double sleeve polishing machines of Swedish production with a drive through the transmission from the internal combustion engine.
In 1914 Golovinskiy deposit was covered by a 10-verst geological survey conducted by Professor V. Laskarev. From 1910 to 1932 geological studies in Volyn were performed by professor E. Belzskiy. Since 1930, he completed geological surveys tablet in scale 1:126000 and prepared progress reports containing a detailed description of the natural deposits in the district and labrador quarries.
During the First World War and the liberation struggle for independence of Ukraine Golovino venture did not work. Only in 1922 Zhytomyr trust "MiztsHoz" began the organizational work to restore Golovino factory. Its enhanced development began in 1926 when the company subordinates to Moscow Trust "Mineral Raw Materials", in 1930 renamed in "Ukrmino. Reanimation of company’s production was conditioned by execution of government orders for manufacturing of decorative-facing slabs for the construction of monumental monuments in Moscow, Leningrad, Kharkiv, Kyiv and other cities. During this period the company was named as Golovinskiy Quarry Administration.
The name of the enterprise related to Golovinskiy labradorite deposit was given due to the significant increase of demand in Labrador during this time.
The high level of stone extraction and processing had been achieved by the company for the period from 1926 to 1934. By the state on 1934, the product output had the following volumes:
| Rubble | 3850 m3 |
| Paving Block | 403 m3 |
| Crushed Stone | 1320 m3 |
| Coarse Finished Blocks | 90 m2 |
| Polished Blocks | 1476 m2 |
| Different Ashlars | 1136 m2 |
| Stepped Ashlars | 2581 m2 |
The company employed 150 workers, including 30 splitters.
Daylighting works within the deposits were carried out by steam shovel "Kovrovets" with bucket capacity 1.5 m3. Blocks extraction from the quarry was provided with the help of winches, transport on the surface of narrow-gauge line trolleys manually or by horses. Blocks delivery to the railroad station "Gorbashi" was carried out with the aid of tractor – by dragging. After construction in 1932 the wide railroad branch line - at first by horse-drawn trams, later – by railmotor cars manufactured by Golovino craftsmen.
At that time the company introduced a mechanical drilling and bush hammering. The enterprise was equipped with a small breaking plant. The structure of Golovinskiy Quarry Administration included Bukivsky, Dobrinsky, Leznikivskiy, Osnitskiy, Slobodskoy, and Turchinskiy quarries.
The first exploration works within Golovinskiy deposit were carried out in 1931 by Volyn labradorite party of Ukrainian regional geological department in agreement with Ukrmino.
Works were carried out in two stages:
- Search and research works within the site: station Gorbashi – Golovinskiy Quarry, length 13 km. Total amount of boreholes drilled manually was 24, 500 meters from each other. In addition, there were provided 2-3 control drilling in order to confirm that borehole did not stumbled on a single boulder but on labradorite solid monolith. Total metreage of borehole was 315m, from 6,35 to 15,50 m.
-
Prospecting work in the area of Golovinskiy quarry (to the west of thereof) within the site with area of 9 hectares. There were made 15 bore pits staggered at a distance of 100m from each other. Almost all the bore pits opened labradorite gravel having a significant iridescence. Average depth of bore pits was 3,5 m.
In 1931-1932 Volyn and crystal building exploration party nr 105 (geologist I. Matkivskiy) carried out exploration of the deposit by mechanically drilled boreholes. A total of 4 boreholes with depths 32,7 m, 39,15 m, 4,10 m, and 3,58 m were sunk.
By the state on 1940, Golovino company had employed 216 workers.
During the war years 1941- 1945 fascists, using labor of nearby villages inhabitants, were mining Golovinskiy deposit.
Quarry branch suffered heavy losses in the years of war.
Recovery of the company’s equipment was complicated by the lack of needed spare parts. Despite this, the company started its work at the end of 1945.
Recovery works were commenced immediately after the withdrawal of German troops. They were carried out by trust Soyuzgranit (later - Zhytomyrnerudprom) part of what the company formed hereto. Slipchitskiy quarry gave their products at the end of 1945, Golovinskiy – in 1947. Over the period 1945-1948 there were carried out the following restoration and construction works:
- Complete restoration of narrow-gauge line;
- Putting into operation of Slipchitskiy and Golovinskiy quarries;
- Completion and equipping of a new power plant;
- Repair of canteen (later retrofitted to club);
- Completion of construction of residential home for GTP.
At the beginning of recovery works Golovinskiy Quarry Administration had 82 employees, including 10 splitters, 13 stonemasons, about 20 polishers. The Company’s Replenishment by stone-working specialists was provided dueto graduates of Gnivansk College FZN (Vinnytsia Region).
In 1946 products output was:
- Ashlars - 481m3;
- Polished products - 864 m;
- Rubble - 1550 m3.
Over the period 1946-1948 the company has reached pre-war production levels. Full recovery and further growth of production was restrained by the lack of appropriate facilities. By that time the company had only one faultless compressor VVK - 200. In 1948 the enterprise installed diesel engine Deutz (300 hp) and a compressor Dvikau, capacity 14m3 of compressed air per minute. For the purpose of blocks transporting from the quarry to the surface there was obtained narrow-gauge railmotor car that had been working until 1952.
Stone power-saw bench preserved since prewar time was handed over by Quarry Administration to another company, so blocks had not been cut by 1950.
In 1948 the number of employees reached 314 persons. Period of 1948-1952 is characterized by the wide introduction of new facilities.
In order clarify the reserves of Golovinskiy deposit, in 1950 Odesa bureau Ukrgeolnerudtrest conducted the detailed geological exploration.
As early as in 1950 Leznikovskiy, Turchinskiy, Dobrinskiy and other quarries separated from Quarry Administration having formed the individual companies. In 1951-1952 power plant of the company was equipped with diesel engine Buka - Wolf (100 hp), mining shop was facilitated with drills of small diameter for splitting of monoliths into blocks and billets, round boring of blocks in Golovinskiy quarry, round boring of profile cornice, etc.
In 1960 Institute Ukrgiprobudmaterialy drafted the enterprise upgrading project. During the 60-ies the following works were carried out: completion and equipping of sawing and polishing shops, retrofit and equipping of auxiliary shops, in particular, electrical shop, garage, boiler room, etc. Increasing in pecked-polished production output assumed to be provided by reducing the production of pecked and increasing of polished products. To this end, there was procured and installed the domestic and imported equipment. In the early 90-ies of the XX century the output of the company declined due to the economic crisis.
Contacts
12325, Administratyvna 8, ur.setl.
Golovino, Zhytomyr Region, Ukraine
Tel.: +38 (0412) 55-00-77
Tel./Fax: +38 (04134) 3-12-91
e-mail: granitcom@mail.ru








